There is little information available on the specific challenges and guidelines for supporting vulnerable groups, such as children with invisible disabilities (CWIDs) including autism, intellectual and learning disabilities, and their families, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand. This research aims to explore the critical challenges and propose solutions to these challenges for CWIDs during the pandemic.A mixed-methods research approach was used, combining quantitative and qualitative studies. The research team collected and analyzed data from 271 questionnaires completed by CWID caregivers, as well as conducted in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with 17 participants, including caregivers, teachers and related stakeholders.The study found that CWIDs and their caregivers faced different challenges in terms of health and education services. During the first wave of the pandemic, health services were the primary concern due to the lack of vaccines, masks, alcohol, and health protection supplies. Health services and rehabilitation in the community and online were deemed a priority. During the second wave, education services became more of a concern, with a lack of computers, internet, and budget for online education being the primary issues. Additionally, on-site or traditional education was deemed essential and effective, and could not be fully replaced with online education for CWIDs' physical, mental, and social development. Finally, some positive lessons were learned during the pandemic, including heightened healthcare concerns, greater caregiver understanding and participation, available time for self-development, and innovations in online teaching. This information can inform future pandemic planning in Thailand and other countries.

Authors:
Tavee Cheausuwantavee, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand
Ratirot Chansomdee, Mahidol University, Thailand

About the Presenter(s)
Dr. Tavee Cheausuwantavee is a professor who has worked at Mahidol University and researched quality of life development for persons with disabilities, policy, community-based rehabilitation, and the intersectionality of aging and disability.

Connect on ResearchGate
https://www.researchgate.net/scientific-contributions/Tavee-Cheausuwantavee-2201809168

Additional website of interest
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-5042

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